Kwi "indalo yezinto eziphathekayo" yokuvelisa i-industrial, i-titanium carbide (i-TiC), i-silicon carbide (i-SiC), kunye ne-cemented carbide (ngokuqhelekileyo isekelwe kwi-tungsten carbide - i-cobalt, njl.) "izinto zeenkwenkwezi" ezikhanyayo ezintathu. Ngeempawu zabo ezizodwa, badlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Namhlanje, siza kujonga - nzulu kumahluko kwiipropati phakathi kwezi zixhobo zintathu kunye neemeko apho zigqwesa khona!
I. Intloko – ukuya – kwiNtloko yokuNxibelela iiPropati zeMathiriyeli
| Uhlobo lwezinto eziphathekayo | Ukuqina (Ixabiso leReferensi) | Ubuninzi (g/cm³) | Nxiba ukuxhathisa | Phezulu – Ukuchasa ubushushu | Uzinzo lweMichiza | Ukuqina |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-Titanium Carbide (TiC) | 2800 – 3200HV | 4.9 – 5.3 | Igqwesileyo (ilawulwa zizigaba ezinzima) | Izinzile ku-≈1400℃ | Ukumelana ne-asidi kunye ne-alkalis (ngaphandle kwee-asidi ezinamandla ze-oxidizing) | Iphantsi ngokwentelekiso (i-brittleness ibonakala ngakumbi) |
| I-Silicon Carbide (SiC) | 2500 – 3000HV (yeeseramiki zeSiC) | 3.1 – 3.2 | Okugqwesileyo (ixhaswe yi-covalent bond structure) | Izinzile ku-≈1600℃ (kwimeko yeceramic) | Yomelele kakhulu (ixhathisa kumajelo eendaba amachiza) | Iphakathi (i-brittle kwimo ye-ceramic; iikristale enye inobulukhuni) |
| I-Cemented Carbide (WC - Co njengomzekelo) | 1200 - 1800HV | 13 – 15 (yeWC – Co series) | Okungaqhelekanga (Izigaba ezinzima zeWC + Co binder) | ≈800 – 1000℃ (kuxhomekeke kumxholo weCo) | Ukumelana ne-asidi, ii-alkali, kunye nokunxitywa kwe-abrasive | Ilungile ngokwentelekiso (isigaba se-Co binder siphucula ukuqina) |
Ukwahlulwahlulwa kwePropati:
- I-Titanium Carbide (TiC): Ukuqina kwayo kusondele kwidayimane, okwenza kube lilungu lentsapho ye-super-hard material. Ubuninzi bayo obuphezulu buvumela ukubeka ngokuchanekileyo kwizixhobo ezichanekileyo ezifuna "ubunzima". Nangona kunjalo, ine-brittleness ephezulu kwaye ijwayele ukutshiza phantsi kwempembelelo, ngoko ifaneleka ngakumbi kwi-static, i-low - impact cut / wear-resiscenarios. Ngokomzekelo, isoloko isetyenziswa njengento yokugquma izixhobo. Ingubo ye-TiC iphezulu kakhulu - inzima kwaye igugile - iyaxhathisa, njengokubeka "isikrweqe sokukhusela" kwintsimbi ephezulu yesantya kunye nezixhobo ze-carbide. Xa usika insimbi engenasici kunye ne-alloy steel, inokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kunye nokunciphisa ukuguga, ukwandisa kakhulu ubomi besixhobo. Umzekelo, ekugqityweni kwezisiki zokugaya, yenza ukuba ukusika ngokukhawuleza kwaye kuzinzile.
- I-Silicon Carbide (SiC): "Umdlali ophezulu kwizinga eliphezulu - ukumelana nobushushu"! Inokugcina ukusebenza okuzinzileyo ngaphezulu kwe-1600 ℃. Kwimeko ye-ceramic, ukuzinza kwayo kweekhemikhali kuyamangalisa kwaye kunzima ukusabela nge-acids kunye ne-alkalis (ngaphandle kwezimbalwa ezifana ne-hydrofluoric acid). Nangona kunjalo, i-brittleness yinto eqhelekileyo kwizinto ze-ceramic. Nangona kunjalo, enye - i-crystal silicon carbide (efana ne-4H - i-SiC) iphucule ukuqina kwaye yenza ukubuya kwi-semiconductors kunye nezixhobo eziphezulu ze-frequency. Ngokomzekelo, i-SiC - izixhobo ezisekelwe kwi-ceramic "ngabafundi abaphezulu" phakathi kwezixhobo ze-ceramic. Zinezinga eliphezulu-ukumelana nokushisa kunye nokuzinza kweekhemikhali. Xa usika i-high-hardness alloys (efana ne-nickel-based alloys) kunye nezixhobo ezinqabileyo (ezifana nentsimbi etyhidiweyo), aziqhelanga ukunamathela kwisixhobo kwaye zinxibe kancinci. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa ye-brittleness, zifaneleke ngakumbi ukugqiba ngokusika okuncinci kunye nokuchaneka okuphezulu.
- ICarbide enesamente (WC-Co): Umdlali "ophezulu-kwinqanaba kwibala lokusika"! Ukusuka kwizixhobo ze-lathe ukuya kwi-CNC milling cutters, ukusuka kwintsimbi yokusila ukuya kwilitye lokomba, inokufumaneka kuyo yonke indawo. I-carbide ene-cemented enomxholo ophantsi we-Co (ofana ne-YG3X) ifanelekile ukugqitywa, ngelixa inomxholo ophezulu we-Co (ofana ne-YG8) inokumelana nempembelelo elungileyo kwaye inokusingatha i-machining rough ngokulula. Izigaba ezinzima zeWC zinoxanduva "lokumelana" nokugqoka, kwaye i-Co binder isebenza njenge "glue" ukubamba amaqhekeza e-WC kunye, ukugcina zombini ukuqina kunye nokuqina. Nangona ubushushu bayo obuphezulu-ukumelana nokushisa akulunganga njengezimbini zokuqala, ukusebenza kwayo okulinganayo kuyenza ilungele uluhlu olukhulu lweemeko ukusuka ekusikeni ukuya ekunxibeni - amacandelo axhathisayo.
II. Iinkalo zeSicelo ngokuGqibeleleyo
1. Umhlaba wesixhobo sokusika
- I-Titanium Carbide (TiC): Ihlala isebenza njengengubo kwizixhobo! I-super-hard and wear-resistant TiC coating ibeka "isikrweqe sokukhusela" kwi-high-speed steel steel kunye ne-cemented carbide izixhobo. Xa usika insimbi engenasici kunye ne-alloy steel, inokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kunye nokunciphisa ukuguga, ukwandisa kakhulu ubomi besixhobo. Ngokomzekelo, kwi-coating yokugqiba abasiki be-milling, yenza ukusika ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuzinza.
- I-Silicon Carbide (SiC): "Umfundi ophezulu" phakathi kwezixhobo ze-ceramic! I-SiC - izixhobo ezisekelwe kwi-ceramic zinezinga eliphezulu lokuchasa ukushisa kunye nokuzinza kweekhemikhali. Xa usika i-high-hardness alloys (efana ne-nickel-based alloys) kunye nezixhobo ezinqabileyo (ezifana nentsimbi etyhidiweyo), aziqhelanga ukunamathela kwisixhobo kwaye zinxibe kancinci. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa ye-brittleness, zifaneleke ngakumbi ukugqiba ngokusika okuncinci kunye nokuchaneka okuphezulu.
- ICarbide enesamente (WC-Co): Umdlali "ophezulu-kwinqanaba kwibala lokusika"! Ukusuka kwizixhobo ze-lathe ukuya kwi-CNC milling cutters, ukusuka kwintsimbi yokusila ukuya kwilitye lokomba, inokufumaneka kuyo yonke indawo. I-carbide ene-cemented enomxholo ophantsi we-Co (ofana ne-YG3X) ifanelekile ukugqitywa, ngelixa inomxholo ophezulu we-Co (ofana ne-YG8) inokumelana nempembelelo elungileyo kwaye inokusingatha i-machining rough ngokulula.
2. Ukunxitywa - Ummandla weCandelo eliNganyangekiyo
- I-Titanium Carbide (TiC): Isebenza njengentshatsheli "yokunxiba - exhathisayo" kwizibumba ezichanekileyo! Ngokomzekelo, kwi-powder metallurgy molds, xa ucinezela i-powder yensimbi, ukufakwa kwe-TiC kunxiba - ukuxhathisa kwaye kunokuchaneka okuphezulu, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iindawo ezicinezelweyo zinemilinganiselo echanekileyo kunye neendawo ezintle, kwaye azikwazi "ukungasebenzi kakuhle" ngexesha lokuvelisa ubuninzi.
- I-Silicon Carbide (SiC): Inikwe "i-buffs ephindwe kabini" yokuxhathisa ukunxiba kunye nokuphezulu - ukumelana nobushushu! Iirola kunye neebheringi eziphakamileyo - iziko lobushushu ezenziwe ngeeseramikhi zeSiC azithambi okanye zinxibe nangaphezulu kwe-1000 ℃. Kwakhona, i-nozzles kwizixhobo ze-sandblasting ezenziwe nge-SiC ziyakwazi ukumelana neempembelelo zeentlabathi zesanti, kwaye ubomi babo benkonzo buphindwe kaninzi kuneentsimbi eziqhelekileyo zentsimbi.
- ICarbide enesamente (WC-Co): "Impahla eguquguqukayo - ingcali exhathisayo"! Amazinyo e-carbide enziwe isamente kwimingxuma yokomba yam angawatyumza amatye ngaphandle komonakalo; abasiki be-carbide besamente kwizixhobo zoomatshini bekhaka banokumelana nomhlaba kunye nelitye lentlabathi, kwaye "banokugcina ukuzola kwabo" nasemva kokuhambisa amawaka eemitha. Kwanamavili e-eccentric kwiimotor zokungcangcazela kweefowuni eziphathwayo zixhomekeke kwi-carbide enesamente yokumelana nokunxiba ukuqinisekisa ukungcangcazela okuzinzileyo.
3. I-Electronics / i-Semiconductor Field
- I-Titanium Carbide (TiC): Ibonakala kumacandelo athile e-elektroniki afuna ubushushu obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokunxiba okuphezulu! Ngokomzekelo, kwii-electrodes ze-electrodes zamandla aphezulu, i-TiC inokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukuhanjiswa kombane okulungileyo, kunye nokuxhatshazwa kokugqoka, okwenza umsebenzi ozinzileyo kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zokushisa kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kombane wombane.
- I-Silicon Carbide (SiC): "Intandokazi entsha kwii-semiconductors"! Izixhobo ze-semiconductor ze-SiC (ezifana neemodyuli zamandla e-SiC) zineemodyuli eziphezulu eziphezulu, i-voltage ephezulu, kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu kobushushu. Xa zisetyenziselwa izithuthi zombane kunye ne-photovoltaic inverters, zinokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokunciphisa umthamo. Kwakhona, ii-wafers ze-SiC "zisisiseko" sokwenza i-chips ephezulu-i-frequency kunye ne-high-high-temperature, kwaye ilindeleke kakhulu kwizikhululo zesiseko ze-5G kunye ne-avionics.
- ICarbide enesamente (WC-Co): “Isixhobo esichanekileyo” ekusetyenzweni kombane! Iidrill ezenziwe ngesamente ze-carbide zokomba i-PCB zinokuba nedayamitha encinci njenge-0.1mm kwaye zinokugrumba ngokuchanekileyo ngaphandle kokwaphuka lula. Ukufakwa kwe-carbide enesamente kwi-chip packaging molds kunokuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokunxiba, ukuqinisekisa ukupakishwa okuchanekileyo kunye nokuzinza kwee-chip pins.
III. Indlela yokukhetha?
- Ngobunzima obugqithisileyo kunye nokuchasana kokunxiba okuchanekileyo→ Khetha i-titanium carbide (TiC)! Ngokomzekelo, kwiingubo ezichanekileyo zokubumba kunye ne-super-hard tool-coating, inokuthi "ixhathise" igqoke kwaye igcine ngokuchanekileyo.
- Ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ukuzinza kweekhemikhali, okanye ukusebenza kwii-semiconductors / eziphezulu - izixhobo zokuphindaphinda→ Khetha isilicon carbide (SiC)! Kuyimfuneko kakhulu kumacandelo aphezulu obushushu kunye neetshiphusi zamandla ze-SiC.
- Ukusebenza ngokulinganayo ngokubanzi, ukugubungela yonke into ukusuka ekusikeni ukuya ekunxibeni - izicelo ezixhathisayo→ Khetha ikhabhide enesamente (WC – Co)! "Ngumdlali oguquguqukayo" ogquma izixhobo, iidrill, kunye nokunxiba - iindawo ezixhathisayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-09-2025
